'Study 5 - Construal of power and trust'
(AsPredicted #164,196)
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1) Have any data been collected for this study already?
No, no data have been collected for this study yet.

2) What's the main question being asked or hypothesis being tested in this study?
Question: Does the construal of a high-power role (as opportunity vs. responsibility) of a powerholder influence others' (less powerful people's) trust in this powerholder – here operationalized as choice of an "allocator" in a dictator game?
Hypothesis: People are more likely to trust (choose) a powerholder who construes their ("allocator") role as responsibility than a powerholder who construes their role as opportunity.

3) Describe the key dependent variable(s) specifying how they will be measured.
Main DV: trust in a powerholder – operationalized as choice of an allocator

4) How many and which conditions will participants be assigned to?
2 within-subjects conditions: power construed as opportunity vs. as responsibility; presented in 2 different orders (2-between conditions: opportunity first vs. responsibility first). Participants seemingly engage in a dictator game and receive the role of "recipient". The alleged other person, the "allocator", has the power to decide how to distribute parts of the "recipient's" and their own study compensation. The "recipient" is only allowed to choose between two different "allocators", one of them describing their role as responsibility and the other describing their role as opportunity via brief statements.

5) Specify exactly which analyses you will conduct to examine the main question/hypothesis.
To test our hypothesis, we will perform a one-sample binomial test investigating if the null hypothesis (50% selection of either powerholder) can be rejected and participants selected the responsible powerholder more often than the opportunity powerholder. Prior to conducting this test, we will check whether the frequency of selecting one or the other powerholder depends on order of presentation (i.e., the between condition) with a Chi-Square-test.

6) Describe exactly how outliers will be defined and handled, and your precise rule(s) for excluding observations.
Participants have to be fluent in English (language-sensitive materials).
Participants have to be at least 18 years old.
Participants failing both attention checks will be excluded.
We will carefully check (and report) if excluding participants according to these criteria changes results.

7) How many observations will be collected or what will determine sample size?
No need to justify decision, but be precise about exactly how the number will be determined.
We aim at recruiting at least N=200 people (100 per between-condition). With a sample of this size, we would be able to detect a small effect (Cohen's g = 0.10) with a one-sample binomial test (two-sided) testing for a difference from a constant proportion of 0.5 with alpha = .05 and (1-beta) = .80.

8) Anything else you would like to pre-register?
(e.g., secondary analyses, variables collected for exploratory purposes, unusual analyses planned?)
Exploratory measures (assessed for each powerholder):
- Perceived trustworthiness: benevolence (1 item), integrity (1 item), ability (1 item; 5-point scales; adapted from Mayer & Davis, 1999)
- Perceived self- and other-focus (2 items; 5-point scale)
- Check of construal manipulation (1 item, 7-point scale)
- Likability (1 item, 7-point scale)
- Perceived power (1 item, 7-point scale)

Following our analysis approach from prior studies, we will also perform exploratory analyses with a one-way repeated measures MANOVA with construal of power (opportunity vs. responsibility) as within-subjects factor, investigating if the responsible powerholder is rated higher on integrity and benevolence than the opportunity powerholder. In addition, we here will perform a binary logistic regression with trust (choice of powerholder: 0 = opportunity, 1 = responsibility) as dependent variable.